/*
 * expr_cpp.tc - Expression example treecc input file for C++.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2001  Southern Storm Software, Pty Ltd.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

%option lang = "C++"
%option reentrant

%header "expr_cpp.h"
%output "expr_cpp.cc"

/*
 * Include the following declarations into the ".h" file.
 */
%decls %{

/*
 * Value that is computed by "eval_expr" below.
 */
typedef union
{
	int		int_value;
	float	float_value;

} eval_value;

%}

/*
 * Include the following declarations into the ".cc" file.
 */
%{
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

#include "expr_cpp.h"

%}

/*
 * Define the type code that is associated with a node
 * in the syntax tree.  We use "error_type" to indicate
 * a failure during type inferencing.
 */
%enum type_code =
{
	error_type,
    int_type,
    float_type
}

/*
 * Define the node types that make up the syntax.
 */
%node expression %abstract %typedef =
{
    %nocreate type_code type = {error_type};
}

%node binary expression %abstract =
{
    expression *expr1;
    expression *expr2;
}

%node unary expression %abstract =
{
    expression *expr;
}

%node intnum expression =
{
    int num;
}

%node floatnum expression =
{
    float num;
}

%node plus binary
%node minus binary
%node multiply binary
%node divide binary
%node power binary
%node negate unary

%node cast expression =
{
	type_code new_type;
	expression *expr;
}

/*
 * Define the "infer_type" operation as a non-virtual.
 */
%operation void infer_type(expression *e)

infer_type(binary)
{
    infer_type(e->expr1);
    infer_type(e->expr2);

    if(e->expr1->type == error_type || e->expr2->type == error_type)
	{
        e->type = error_type;
	}
    else if(e->expr1->type == float_type || e->expr2->type == float_type)
    {
        e->type = float_type;
    }
    else
    {
        e->type = int_type;
    }
}

infer_type(unary)
{
    infer_type(e->expr);
    e->type = e->expr->type;
}

infer_type(intnum)
{
    e->type = int_type;
}

infer_type(floatnum)
{
    e->type = float_type;
}

infer_type(power)
{
    infer_type(e->expr1);
    infer_type(e->expr2);

	if(e->expr1->type == error_type || e->expr2->type == error_type)
	{
		e->type = error_type;
	}
    else if(e->expr2->type != int_type)
    {
		cerr << e->getFilename() << ":" << e->getLinenum() <<
        		": second argument to `^' is not an integer" << endl;
		e->type = error_type;
    }
	else
	{
    	e->type = e->expr1->type;
	}
}

infer_type(cast)
{
	infer_type(e->expr);

	if(e->expr->type != error_type)
	{
		e->type = e->new_type;
	}
	else
	{
		e->type = error_type;
	}
}

/*
 * Define the "eval_expr" operation as a virtual.
 */
%operation %virtual eval_value eval_expr(expression *this)

eval_expr(plus)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expressions */
	eval_value value1 = expr1->eval_expr();
	eval_value value2 = expr2->eval_expr();

	/* Coerce to the common type */
	coerce(&value1, expr1->type, type);
	coerce(&value2, expr2->type, type);

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		value1.int_value += value2.int_value;
	}
	else
	{
		value1.float_value += value2.float_value;
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value1;
}

eval_expr(minus)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expressions */
	eval_value value1 = expr1->eval_expr();
	eval_value value2 = expr2->eval_expr();

	/* Coerce to the common type */
	coerce(&value1, expr1->type, type);
	coerce(&value2, expr2->type, type);

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		value1.int_value -= value2.int_value;
	}
	else
	{
		value1.float_value -= value2.float_value;
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value1;
}

eval_expr(multiply)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expressions */
	eval_value value1 = expr1->eval_expr();
	eval_value value2 = expr2->eval_expr();

	/* Coerce to the common type */
	coerce(&value1, expr1->type, type);
	coerce(&value2, expr2->type, type);

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		value1.int_value *= value2.int_value;
	}
	else
	{
		value1.float_value *= value2.float_value;
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value1;
}

eval_expr(divide)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expressions */
	eval_value value1 = expr1->eval_expr();
	eval_value value2 = expr2->eval_expr();

	/* Coerce to the common type */
	coerce(&value1, expr1->type, type);
	coerce(&value2, expr2->type, type);

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		if(value2.int_value != 0)
		{
			value1.int_value /= value2.int_value;
		}
		else
		{
			cerr << getFilename() << ":" << getLinenum() <<
					": division by zero" << endl;
			value1.int_value = 0;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		value1.float_value /= value2.float_value;
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value1;
}

eval_expr(power)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expressions */
	eval_value value1 = expr1->eval_expr();
	eval_value value2 = expr2->eval_expr();

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		value1.int_value = (int)(pow((double)(value1.int_value),
		                             (double)(value2.int_value)));
	}
	else
	{
		value1.float_value = (float)(pow((double)(value1.float_value),
		                                 (double)(value2.int_value)));
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value1;
}

eval_expr(negate)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expression */
	eval_value value = expr->eval_expr();

	/* Evaluate the operator */
	if(type == int_type)
	{
		value.int_value = -(value.int_value);
	}
	else
	{
		value.float_value = -(value.float_value);
	}

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value;
}

eval_expr(cast)
{
	/* Evaluate the sub-expression */
	eval_value value = expr->eval_expr();

	/* Cast to the final type */
	coerce(&value, expr->type, type);

	/* Return the result to the caller */
	return value;
}

eval_expr(intnum)
{
	eval_value value;
	value.int_value = num;
	return value;
}

eval_expr(floatnum)
{
	eval_value value;
	value.float_value = num;
	return value;
}

/*
 * Define the "coerce" operation as an inline non-virtual.
 */
%operation %inline void coerce
				(eval_value *value, [type_code from], [type_code to])

coerce(int_type, float_type)
{
	value->float_value = (float)(value->int_value);
}

coerce(float_type, int_type)
{
	value->int_value = (int)(value->float_value);
}

coerce(type_code, type_code)
{
	/* Nothing to do here */
}

/*
 * Include the following code at the end of the ".h" file.
 */
%end %decls %{

/*
 * Inherit YYNODESTATE to provide additional functionality.
 */
class NodeState : public YYNODESTATE
{
private:

	char *progname;
	char *filename;
	long  linenum;

public:

	NodeState(char *_progname, char *_filename)
			: YYNODESTATE()
		{
			filename = _filename;
			linenum = 1;
		}
	virtual ~NodeState();

public:

	virtual char *currFilename();
	virtual long currLinenum();
	virtual void failed();

	void incLine() { ++linenum; }

};

%}

/*
 * Include the following code at the end of the ".cc" file.
 */
%end %{

/*
 * Entry points that are imported from the yacc parser.
 */
extern void yyrestart(FILE *file);
extern int yyparse(void *);

/*
 * Main entry point for the expression parser and evaluator.
 */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	FILE *file;
	char *filename;
	int retval;

	/* Parse the command-line arguments and open the input file */
	if(argc < 2)
	{
		filename = "stdin";
		file = stdin;
	}
	else if((file = fopen(argv[1], "r")) == NULL)
	{
		perror(argv[1]);
		return 1;
	}
	else
	{
		filename = argv[1];
	}

	/* Create the node factory and state object */
	NodeState *state = new NodeState(argv[0], filename);

	/* Parse and evaluate the expressions in the input */
	retval = yyparse(state);

	/* Clean up and exit */
	delete state;
	return retval;
}

/*
 * Destructor for NodeState.
 */
NodeState::~NodeState()
{
	/* Nothing needs to be done here */
}

/*
 * Get the name of the current input file in use by the parser.
 */
char *NodeState::currFilename()
{
	return filename;
}

/*
 * Get the line number for the current input line in use by the parser.
 */
long NodeState::currLinenum()
{
	return linenum;
}

/*
 * Report memory failure and exit.
 */
void NodeState::failed()
{
	cerr << progname << ": virtual memory exhausted" << endl;
	exit(1);
}

%}